pubmedvcu

• Etiology and correlates of alcohol misuse in early midlife December 20, 2024
  CONCLUSIONS: There is evidence of sex differences in the etiological factors that influence early midlife drinking. After controlling for confounding familial factors, associations between alcohol misuse and poorer early midlife functioning largely remained, suggesting that alcohol misuse may play a role in poorer functioning across several outcomes.
  Erin Lumpe
• Posttraumatic stress disorder and its cross-generational familial relationship with drug use disorder and alcohol use disorder: an extended Swedish adoption study December 18, 2024
  Objective: Information on how parental risk for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) relates to their children's risk for drug use disorder (DUD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) is limited. This study is the first to utilize an extended adoption design which can address questions about the degree of, and sources of, cross-generational and cross-disorder transmission of […]
  Ananda B Amstadter
• Daily estradiol and progesterone levels moderate genetic and environmental influences on emotional eating across 45 consecutive days in female twins December 4, 2024
  CONCLUSIONS: Findings are significant in being the first to identify changes in etiologic risk for BE symptoms across daily hormone levels and highlighting novel mechanisms (e.g. hormone threshold effects, regulation of conserved genes) that may contribute to the etiology of BE.
  Kelly L Klump
• Age at onset as an index of genetic heterogeneity in major psychiatric and substance use disorders December 2, 2024
  CONCLUSIONS: Genetic heterogeneity was robustly associated with AAO across our five primary disorders with substantial inter-disorder differences in the observed patterns. In particular, young AAO was associated with maximal genetic homogeneity for SZ and DUD while older AAO had greater genetic homogeneity for MD with AUD falling in between.
  Kenneth S Kendler
• The geographical distribution of the family-genetic risk score for drug use disorder in Sweden and its co-localization with areas of social deprivation December 2, 2024
  CONCLUSIONS: The geographical distribution of the genetic risk to DUD is quite variable in Sweden. DeSO levels of s.d. and FRGS(DUD) were substantially correlated but also disassociated in a number of regions. The observed patterns were largely consistent with known trends in the human geography of Sweden. This effort lays the groundwork for further studies […]
  Kenneth S Kendler
• Childhood trauma is associated with developmental trajectories of EEG coherence, alcohol-related outcomes, and PTSD symptoms December 2, 2024
  CONCLUSIONS: Childhood assaultive trauma is associated with changes in frontal alpha EEGc and subsequent AUD and PTSD symptoms, though patterns differ by sex and trauma type. EEGc findings may inform emerging treatments for PTSD and AUD.
  Zoe E Neale
• Latent Classes of Comorbid Substance Use and Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms and Their Stability in U.S. Adults Over Time: Findings from the PATH Study Waves 1-3 (2013-2016) December 2, 2024
  The co-occurrence of mental disorder symptoms is common in people who use substances. It is unclear whether patterns of comorbidity in a population-based sample of adults are consistent with prior work. The study goal was to identify this comorbidity structure and evaluate its stability over time.
  Courtney T Blondino
• Polygenic risk scores and help-seeking behaviour in young people with recent onset of mood and psychotic disorders November 30, 2024
  CONCLUSIONS: Signals of genetic liability are higher in young people who seek help from health services whether or not the problem they are seeking help for meets full-threshold diagnostic criteria for a major mental disorder.
  Jan Scott
• On the Detection of Population Heterogeneity in Causation Between Two Variables: Finite Mixture Modeling of Data Collected from Twin Pairs November 26, 2024
  Causal inference is inherently complex and relies on key assumptions that can be difficult to validate. One strong assumption is population homogeneity, which assumes that the causal direction remains consistent across individuals. However, there may be variation in causal directions across subpopulations, leading to potential heterogeneity. In psychiatry, for example, the co-occurrence of disorders such […]
  Philip B Vinh
• Family Genetic-Risk Profiles Associated With Divorce November 25, 2024
  We used Swedish national register data (N = 2,828,777) to examine divorce and its associated patterns of family genetic risk scores (FGRS; personalized measures of genetic risk inferred from diagnoses in relatives) across ten psychiatric disorders: major depression, anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, anorexia nervosa, alcohol use disorder, drug use disorder, ADHD, and […]
  Jessica E Salvatore
• Latent Profiles of Drinking Motives Among Trauma-Exposed Combat Veterans and Civilians: A Comparative Investigation November 25, 2024
  Trauma exposure and drinking motives (e.g., social, enhancement, coping) are both associated with increased alcohol use and related problems. Studies have frequently investigated this relationship by examining drinking motives, such as drinking to cope with negative affect, in isolation, yet few studies have examined motives simultaneously in trauma-exposed populations. It is also unclear whether the […]
  Brianna N Jackson
• Genetic liability estimated from large-scale family data improves genetic prediction, risk score profiling, and gene mapping for major depression October 29, 2024
  Large biobank samples provide an opportunity to integrate broad phenotyping, familial records, and molecular genetics data to study complex traits and diseases. We introduce Pearson-Aitken Family Genetic Risk Scores (PA-FGRS), a method for estimating disease liability from patterns of diagnoses in extended, age-censored genealogical records. We then apply the method to study a paradigmatic complex […]
  Morten Dybdahl Krebs
• Examining cultural background and the protective effect of marriage on alcohol use disorder in Sweden October 22, 2024
  CONCLUSIONS: The protective effect of marriage depends on cultural background, with some evidence that increased risks associated with a spouse's foreign background are confounded by family-level factors.
  Jessica E Salvatore
• Unraveling the Associations Between Voice Pitch and Major Depressive Disorder: A Multisite Genetic Study October 17, 2024
  Major depressive disorder (MDD) often goes undiagnosed due to the absence of clear biomarkers. We sought to identify voice biomarkers for MDD and separate biomarkers indicative of MDD predisposition from biomarkers reflecting current depressive symptoms. Using a two-stage meta-analytic design to remove confounds, we tested the association between features representing vocal pitch and MDD in […]
  Yazheng Di
• Alcohol Use Disorder-Associated DNA Methylation in the Nucleus Accumbens and Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex October 14, 2024
  CONCLUSIONS: Our findings identify AUD-associated methylation signals and provide evidence of overlap with previous genetic and methylation studies. These signals may constitute predisposing genetic differences or robust methylation changes associated with AUD, although more work is needed to further disentangle the mechanisms that underlie these associations and their implications for AUD.
  Julie D White
• The genetics of spatiotemporal variation in cortical thickness in youth October 10, 2024
  Prior studies have shown strong genetic effects on cortical thickness (CT), structural covariance, and neurodevelopmental trajectories in childhood and adolescence. However, the importance of genetic factors on the induction of spatiotemporal variation during neurodevelopment remains poorly understood. Here, we explore the genetics of maturational coupling by examining 308 MRI-derived regional CT measures in a longitudinal […]
  J Eric Schmitt
• Prediction of suicide attempt in a Swedish population-based cohort September 24, 2024
  CONCLUSIONS: These findings illustrate sex-specific pathways to suicide attempt by including risk factors that occur during the development. Results highlight the importance of genetic and family environment but also the prominent role of academic achievement.
  Séverine Lannoy
• Recent Breakthroughs in Genetic and Brain Structural Correlates of Suicidal Behaviors: A Short Review September 21, 2024
  Suicide accounts for more than 700,000 deaths annually and is the fourth leading cause of death among individuals aged 15 to 29 years. Despite years of research to understand the etiology and pathophysiology of suicidal behavior, many questions remain unresolved-for example, whether suicidal behavior has a unique genetic or neurobiological basis and how these differ […]
  Zuriel Ceja
• A Longitudinal Investigation of the Buffering Effects of Resilience on Body Mass Index in Trauma-Exposed College Students September 16, 2024
  CONCLUSIONS: The positive association between resilience and BMI is not consistent with our hypotheses. Findings suggest that resilience does not buffer against physical health outcomes.
  Shannon E Cusack
• Feasibility of a Virtual Adaptation of a Yoga Intervention for Veterans with Chronic Pain and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder September 10, 2024
  Purpose/Objective: This study assessed the feasibility and acceptability of a yoga intervention for veterans with comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and chronic pain (CP) that was adapted for virtual implementation. Research Method/Design: This pilot feasibility study at a large, mid-Atlantic Veteran's Affairs (VA) Medical Center with veterans with both PTSD and CP examined the adaptation […]
  Suzzette M Chopin